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133 lines
3.6 KiB
Python
133 lines
3.6 KiB
Python
"""
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05 类 + 反射版本：学生增删改查
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反射的核心：
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根据字符串找到对象上的方法。
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普通写法：
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if choice == "1":
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manager.add_student()
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反射写法：
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method_name = menu[choice]
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method = getattr(manager, method_name)
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method()
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这样做的好处：
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菜单编号和方法名可以放到一个字典里统一管理。
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"""
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class Student:
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def __init__(self, student_id, name, age, phone):
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self.id = student_id
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self.name = name
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self.age = age
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self.phone = phone
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def __str__(self):
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return f"ID: {self.id}, 姓名: {self.name}, 年龄: {self.age}, 电话: {self.phone}"
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class StudentManager:
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def __init__(self):
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self.students = []
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self.next_id = 1
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def add_student(self):
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name = input("姓名：").strip()
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age = input("年龄：").strip()
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phone = input("电话：").strip()
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self.students.append(Student(self.next_id, name, age, phone))
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self.next_id += 1
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print("添加成功")
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def list_students(self):
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if not self.students:
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print("暂无学生")
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return
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for student in self.students:
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print(student)
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def find_student_by_id(self, student_id):
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for student in self.students:
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if str(student.id) == str(student_id):
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return student
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return None
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def search_student(self):
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keyword = input("请输入要查询的姓名：").strip()
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result = [student for student in self.students if student.name == keyword]
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if not result:
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print("没有找到该学生")
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return
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for student in result:
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print(student)
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def update_student(self):
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student_id = input("请输入要修改的学生 ID：").strip()
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student = self.find_student_by_id(student_id)
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if student is None:
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print("没有找到该学生")
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return
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student.name = input("新姓名：").strip()
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student.age = input("新年龄：").strip()
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student.phone = input("新电话：").strip()
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print("修改成功")
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def delete_student(self):
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student_id = input("请输入要删除的学生 ID：").strip()
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student = self.find_student_by_id(student_id)
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if student is None:
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print("没有找到该学生")
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return
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self.students.remove(student)
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print("删除成功")
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class Application:
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def __init__(self):
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self.manager = StudentManager()
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self.menu = {
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"1": ("添加学生", "add_student"),
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"2": ("查看所有学生", "list_students"),
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"3": ("查询学生", "search_student"),
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"4": ("修改学生", "update_student"),
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"5": ("删除学生", "delete_student"),
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}
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def show_menu(self):
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print("\n====== 学生管理系统：类 + 反射版本 ======")
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for key, value in self.menu.items():
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title, _ = value
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print(f"{key}. {title}")
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print("0. 退出")
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def run(self):
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while True:
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self.show_menu()
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choice = input("请输入操作编号：").strip()
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if choice == "0":
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print("程序结束")
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break
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if choice not in self.menu:
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print("输入有误，请重新输入")
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continue
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_, method_name = self.menu[choice]
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method = getattr(self.manager, method_name)
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method()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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app = Application()
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app.run()
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